A crossword is
a word puzzle and word search game that usually takes the
form of a square or a rectangular grid of white- and
black-shaded squares. The game's goal is to fill the white squares with letters,
forming words or phrases, by solving clues, which lead to the answers.
In languages that
are written left-to-right, the answer words and phrases are placed in the grid
from left to right and from top to bottom. The shaded squares are used to separate
the words or phrases.
Doing crossword puzzles is a popular pastime;
no one knows how many people do them, but estimates go as high as 50 million or
more in the United States alone. Success at crossword puzzles taxes several
aspects of memory and cognition.
The purpose of this article is to consider
what crosswords provide and questions that they prompt regarding how the mind
works.
Implicated topics include word associations,
lexical memory search, semantic priming, the sparseness of word space, list
generation, the feeling of knowing and of not knowing, mental aging, and the
crossword puzzle as a vehicle for studying cognition.
I am addicted to crossword puzzles. I do not
claim to be good at them, but only to enjoy them and to suffer withdrawal
symptoms when deprived of them for more than a day or two.
The purpose of this article is to revisit a
topic of long-standing interest (Nickerson, 1977) and to share some
reflections about hints that the experience of trying to solve crossword
puzzles can provide about how the mind works.
Why Crosswords:
A funny thing happens on the way to solving a
puzzle. We don’t know the answer, and then we “concentrate” (whatever that
means), which induces some mysterious biochemical reaction, and then it is
transformed into a different state of being a state of knowing something we
didn’t know moments before.
For pure logic games like Sudoku or FreeCell
or even chess problems, the process makes sense. While such puzzles can be
arbitrarily difficult, the logical steps toward a solution are so well understood
they can easily be expressed in computer code.
Fact- or trivia-based puzzles like crosswords
seem to be different, though. No amount of logical deduction can help when a
European river you’ve never heard of crosses a film star from a movie we’ve never
seen.
At best, we can say that some letters are
more likely than others, but it seems that our only choice is to look up the
answer or leave the square blank, and neither of those is entirely satisfying.
So given this apparent flaw, why are
crosswords so popular? One answer is that when we look something up, at least
we get to learn something new.
Another is that, crosswords in recent times
now emphasize more wordplay over trivia leaning a little toward the style of
British puzzles, or what we in America call mysterious(cryptic) crosswords.
Most people have cell phones
and those who publish crosswords are finally starting to take notice. There’s
starting to be a transition towards mobile devices and it seems to be paying
off. There are dozens of popular crossword puzzle apps for both iOS and Android
devices.
This is the first step in
the right direction to target the youth. With that being said, getting mobile
isn’t only about the youth. Elderly people love their mobile devices as well.
In America, there are more elderly people with tablets than cell phones.
What Science Said
about Crosswords:
“Puzzles boost verbal skills
as well as cut dementia risks”. After a series of researches and
experimentations, scientists determined that puzzles can improve memory and
brain functions, even in older adults.
A simple game of crossword
every day can improve mental functions in patients with brain damage or mental
illness. They
found a direct relationship between the entire process of solving the puzzle,
the speed, the accuracy and a varying range of functions including attention,
memory, and reasoning.
People who played crosswords regularly had
much better and consistently improving performances compared to others. The
tests also proved that playing daily crossword puzzles can reduce the mental
age and improve the virility of a person by almost ten years.
Solving crossword
puzzles also has a positive effect on our collaborative cruciverbalism. So, one
might be thinking what exactly is collaborative cruciverbalism? It is one’s
ability to think creatively and in an enhanced and strategic fashion when
working in a group.
It can help us to
improve social bonds and be more cooperative and understanding of other’s
problems. Crosswords not only help us think better but also improve our verbal
skills.
We can understand
problems and solve them much faster than those who do not avail the benefits of
playing daily crosswords puzzles.
Benefits of Playing
Crosswords:
1.
Enhances the memory:
Taking some time to solve a crossword puzzle
every day can have a significant impact on your memory. Are you one of those
who is constantly forgetting small things and occasions?
This problem is more common than we might
think. A majority of our population face a continuous decline in their memory
as they begin to age.
Working on crossword puzzles regularly can
curb this problem and enhance our memory power. It not only strengthens the
prevailing connection between our brain cells but also set up new connections
to augment the process.
The addition of these new connections can
increase our mental speed and boost our thought process.
2.
Improve bonding when solved in Groups:
Some people love to add crossword puzzle
games to their social events, family picnics, barbeques, and more. It is a fun
and entertaining way to spend some quality time together. As mentioned above,
when played in groups, the crossword puzzle can avail collaborative
cruciverbalism.
It can help us bond with our close ones
better and faster. In one of the several research works done on the positive
effects of solving daily crossword puzzles, it was found that it can also
“improve the speed of thinking and talking”.
3.
Get to learn new things everyday:
Famous philosophers have said that we never really
stop learning, we constantly learn something new until the day we die. And what
can be better than learning new words every day! Crossword puzzle creators use
complicated, rare, and unused words with the sole purpose of leaving you
puzzled.
There are several occasions when people have
to check word meanings in the dictionary because they are extremely trying and
complex. Solving them allows you to get exposed to such words that you would
not have experienced otherwise.
Apart from increasing your memory power and
boosting your creativity, you also get to enhance your vocabulary, which is a
crucial skill that everyone needs in their life.
4.
Help us deal with our problems:
All of us are constantly struggling with a
plethora of real-life problems, just searching for easy and smart ways to solve
them. Despite going through such difficult times, we know the end result will
be worth its while. The world of crossword puzzles is quite similar.
The puzzles are not that easy to solve but
we’ll know once we solve them; the result will be unimaginable. We rack our
brain, squeeze it to its maximum potential to solve different puzzles every
day.
And once we have successfully solved it, we
get new confidence and vigour to take our real-life problems head-on.
5.
Improves Concentration Power:
Crossword puzzles are intense, intricate and
difficult to understand. We need to be completely engaged and dig deep into the
problem at hand. We need to be focused entirely on the puzzle if we want to
solve it successfully.
This improves our concentration power and
teaches us how to completely focus on a particular problem. Moreover, when we
put all your focus on solving the puzzle, we forget about our daily problems
and relax a little. Isn’t that a wonderful way to relax as well as sharpen your
concentrating powers?
Conclusion:
Crossword
puzzles have enjoyed over a century of success, but their place in society over
the next century is in question. The crossword puzzle is an early 20th century
game and it hasn’t changed much since then, which is a good thing, because
people don’t want it to.
However,
the way it is promoted needs to be changed. Back when everybody read the
newspaper, the crossword puzzle was easily accessible.
Since
the rise of the Internet, the readership of news publications has been on a
steady decline. Considering the crossword puzzle relies on those publications
for visibility, it’s clear that it needs to find a new medium soon.
Doing a
crossword puzzle isn’t exciting, rather it is satisfying. It takes patience,
critical thinking, and no distractions to properly do a crossword puzzle, which
are three things younger people struggle with.
This is
not to say that they are unable to do crosswords, but that they are unwilling.
With age, we come to appreciate cognitive exercise. Crossword puzzle makers are
banking on this; if it remains true, then crosswords will always have a place
in society.
Written
by – Sakshi Chauhan
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