Black Holes are one of the strangest and mysterious things in the universe. But they don’t seem to make any sense at all.
Where do they come from and what will happen if you fall into one?
How do Black Holes Form?
Stars incredibly massive collections of mostly hydrogen atoms that collapsed from enormous gas clouds under their own gravity. In their core nuclear fusion crushes hydrogen atoms into Helium releasing a tremendous amount of energy.
This energy in the form of radiation pushes against gravity maintaining a delicate balance between two forces. As long as there is fusion in the core a; stars remain stable enough, but for start with way more mass than that of our own sun; the heat and pressure at the core allow them to fuse heavier elements until they reach iron.
Unlike all the elements that went before, the fusion process that creates iron doesn’t generate any energy. Iron builds up at the center of the star until it reaches a critical amount and the balance between radiation and gravity suddenly breaks. The core collapses within fractions of a second, the star implodes.
Moving at about the quarter of the speed of light, feeding even more mass into the core. It is at this very moment that all the heavier elements in the universe are created, as the star dies, in a supernova explosion. This produces either a neutron star, or if the star’s massive enough, the entire mass of the core collapsed into a black hole.
Structure of a black hole
When we look at a black hole there is an event horizon and anything that crosses the event horizon needs to be travelling faster than the speed of light to escape. In other words, it’s impossible. Some just see it as a black hole like something that cannot reflect anything.
But if the event horizon is the black part of the black hole then what is the hole in a black hole?
We are not sure what is it exactly, It might be a Singularity. A singularity may be definitely dense, meaning all it’s mass is concentrated into a circle point in space, with no surface or volume, or something completely different.
What if we Fall in a Black Hole
Black Holes don’t suck things up like a vacuum cleaner, if we were to swap the sun for an equally massive black hole, nothing much would change for earth, except that we would freeze to death.
The experience of time is different around black holes ,from the outside, we would slow down as we will approach the event horizon, so time passes slower for us at some point, we would appear to freeze in time, slowly turn red and disappear.
We really don’t know what happens next but possibly two things may happen to a human.
Either a human dies a quick death. A black hole curves space so much that once we cross the event horizon there is only one possible direction and while moving in the event horizon we can only go on in one direction, it’s like being in a really tight alley that closes behind us after each step.
The mass of a black hole is so concentrated, at some point even a tiny distance of a few centimeters, would mean that gravity acts with millions of times more force on different parts of our body. Our cells will torn apart and our body stretches more and more.
Two, we may die a very quick death. Very soon after we will cross the event horizon, we would have hit a firewall and be terminated in an instant.
Neither of these options are particularly pleasant. How soon a human would die depends on the mass of the black hole.
A smaller black hole would kill us before we even enter the event horizon while we probably travel inside a super massive black hole for a quite while.
Types of Black Holes
Black Holes comes in different sizes. There are stellar mass Black Holes, with a few times the mass of the sun, and the diameter of an asteroid and then there are the super massive black holes, which are found at the heart of every galaxy, and have been feeding for billions of years.
Currently, the largest super massive black hole known is S50014+81. Forty million times the mass of our sun. It is 236.7 billion km in diameter.
Written By - Vanshu Verma
Unlike all the elements that went before, the fusion process that creates iron doesn’t generate any energy. Iron builds up at the center of the star until it reaches a critical amount and the balance between radiation and gravity suddenly breaks. The core collapses within fractions of a second, the star implodes.
Moving at about the quarter of the speed of light, feeding even more mass into the core. It is at this very moment that all the heavier elements in the universe are created, as the star dies, in a supernova explosion. This produces either a neutron star, or if the star’s massive enough, the entire mass of the core collapsed into a black hole.
Structure of a black hole
When we look at a black hole there is an event horizon and anything that crosses the event horizon needs to be travelling faster than the speed of light to escape. In other words, it’s impossible. Some just see it as a black hole like something that cannot reflect anything.
But if the event horizon is the black part of the black hole then what is the hole in a black hole?
We are not sure what is it exactly, It might be a Singularity. A singularity may be definitely dense, meaning all it’s mass is concentrated into a circle point in space, with no surface or volume, or something completely different.
What if we Fall in a Black Hole
Black Holes don’t suck things up like a vacuum cleaner, if we were to swap the sun for an equally massive black hole, nothing much would change for earth, except that we would freeze to death.
The experience of time is different around black holes ,from the outside, we would slow down as we will approach the event horizon, so time passes slower for us at some point, we would appear to freeze in time, slowly turn red and disappear.
We really don’t know what happens next but possibly two things may happen to a human.
Either a human dies a quick death. A black hole curves space so much that once we cross the event horizon there is only one possible direction and while moving in the event horizon we can only go on in one direction, it’s like being in a really tight alley that closes behind us after each step.
The mass of a black hole is so concentrated, at some point even a tiny distance of a few centimeters, would mean that gravity acts with millions of times more force on different parts of our body. Our cells will torn apart and our body stretches more and more.
Two, we may die a very quick death. Very soon after we will cross the event horizon, we would have hit a firewall and be terminated in an instant.
Neither of these options are particularly pleasant. How soon a human would die depends on the mass of the black hole.
A smaller black hole would kill us before we even enter the event horizon while we probably travel inside a super massive black hole for a quite while.
Types of Black Holes
Black Holes comes in different sizes. There are stellar mass Black Holes, with a few times the mass of the sun, and the diameter of an asteroid and then there are the super massive black holes, which are found at the heart of every galaxy, and have been feeding for billions of years.
Currently, the largest super massive black hole known is S50014+81. Forty million times the mass of our sun. It is 236.7 billion km in diameter.
Written By - Vanshu Verma
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