Hellenistic period, in the eastern Mediterranean and Middle East it is the time between the passing of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE and the success of Egypt by Rome in 30 BCE.
For some objectives, the time is expanded for a further three and a half centuries, to the move by Constantine the Great of his capital to Constantinople (Byzantium) in 330 CE.
From the detachment of Alexander’s kingdom there occurred many regions, containing the Macedonian, the Seleucid, and the Ptolemaic, that fulfilled as the framework for the spread of Greek (Hellenic) civilization, the combination of Greek with other communities, and the fusion of Greek and Eastern aspects.
During the Hellenistic time, Greek artistic importance and power achieved the result of its geographical development, being powerful in the Mediterranean world and most of West and Central Asia, just in parts of the Indian subcontinent.
The experience and improvement was begun in the numerous fields of crafts, astrology, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, philosophy, and science.
Despite this, it is always considered a time of change, occasionally even of decadence or degeneration, correlated to the enlightenment of the Greek Classical period.
The Hellenistic time saw the rise of New Comedy, Alexandrian poetry, the Septuagint, and the philosophies of Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Pyrrhonism. Greek science was progressed by the struggles of the mathematician Euclidian the polymath Archimedes.
The spiritual sphere improved to include new gods such as the Greco-Egyptian Serapis, eastern deities such as Attis and Cybele, and a syncretism between Hellenistic culture and Buddhism in Bactria and Northwest India.
A revolution by Greek mercenaries who had come to terms in Bactria but needed to return to Greece was crushed. Governed by the Athenians and intended for liberating the towns from Macedonian garrisons it had trouble in Greece which was difficult to govern.
Sparta refused to contribute, as did the islands, but a union of Athens with Argos, Sicyon, Elis, and Messenia, benefited by Boeotians, Aetolians, and Thessalonians, was a formidable the challenge to Antipater’s administration.
For a period Antipater lived hard-pressed in Lamía (the war of 323–322 is remembered as the Lamian War). Leonnatus interfered, nominally in help but enterprising to expropriate Antipater’s power; he was destroyed in action, nevertheless.
In the end, Antipater gained a victory, Athens capitulated, and Demosthenes (the voice and reminder of anti-Macedonian feeling) committed suicide. Antipater rebuild the Macedonian council autocratically, with no-nonsense about a “free” League of Corinth.
Antigonus lived presently the powerful figure of the old army. Cassander, Ptolemy, and Lysimachus formed a union against him. For four years (315–311) they fought indecisively.
Antigonus revealed himself as powerful, skilful, and creative, but he could not hit a strong blow. The hardly important difference arrived in the brilliant victory by which Seleucus achieved in regaining Babylon.
In 311 the four governors decided to divide the world, leaving Ptolemy with Egypt and Cyprus, Antigonus with Asia, Lysimachus with Thrace, and Cassander with Macedonia and Greece, but simply until Alexander IV came of age in 305. Seleucus was banned.
Supreme blood, nonetheless, was rapidly skipped in the rivalry of power. Cassander murdered Rhoxanne and youthful Alexander in 310, shortly after Antigonus gave birth to vainly and attempted to crush Seleucus.
Seleucus, nevertheless, held on to a harmed Babylon and the eastern regions, except for India, which he remembered to yield to the Indian King Chandragupta.
Antigonus immediately had the helpful support of his brilliant son Demetrius (336–283), remembered as Poliorcetes, or Besieger, who overthrew the other Demetrius and rebuilt the democracy and ultimately the League of Corinth; he was hymned with divine honours and provided the Parthenon as his mansion.
Demetrius, furthermore in 306, crushed Ptolemy in a battle and attained Cyprus and the Aegean, though he declined in a famous siege of Rhodes (305–304). Antigonus and Demetrius now declared themselves joint kings in classification to Alexander.
Antigonus, nevertheless, failed to overcome Egypt, and the other governors moreover took the title of king.
Cassander, Lysimachus, Seleucus, and Ptolemy constructed a union against Antigonus and Demetrius, and at Ipsus in 301 the allies, with the support of a force of elephants brought from India by Seleucus, won against and killed Antigonus.
Demetrius avoided, retaining Tyre and Sidon and government of the sea. Lysimachus put up with large portions of Anatolia; Seleucus concluded control over Mesopotamia and Syria, except for a part in the south involved defacto by Ptolemy; and Cassander lived content with Macedonia and parts of Greece.
The difference between the Ancient Greek Society and our life today is a lot limited considerable than we would have predicted. For a begin our numerous new beliefs, some of which are much related to the Ancient Greek Religion.
The social organisation have simply changed at all, also we still use kingdoms and democracies. For example, we have the King/Queen, but we similarly have a government party. These are however kingdoms and democracies, just in the modern-day, and they ruled with fairness and not violence.
And like the statues in the modern-day struggle, for example, battles that gone in 1915s and the 1940s, and the battles that rage on now, such as the ones in Afghanistan, Our beliefs have not rewritten much compared to the belief of ancient Greece.
Still, modern-day beliefs only fluctuated around one God, not many gods like the Greeks had. Most religions today moreover understand there is one God who creates peace, rather than gods who will punish you if you don't do their bidding.
One main difference is that women now have equal freedoms to men, being able to have the same jobs and education, and today even join the police, and the army.
There are also very different other things that the Ancient Greeks used that we didn't, although we did not create pages about those things. Ancient Greece was an interesting culture, with many skills and techniques of doing things, without our modern devices to help them.
We wish that after you have read some of this, you feel more amazed about how they stayed with their lives in Ancient Greece, and we all know that we feel much more interested in understanding Ancient civilizations than we did before.
Written by: Kaushal Nassa
Edited by: Gourav Chowdhury
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