The United Nations approved the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global Goals, in 2015 to serve as a road map for a worldwide sustainable future. Each objective contains precise targets that must be met by 2030, as well as indicators that are used to assess progress toward those targets.
The Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a call to action for people worldwide to address five critical areas of importance by 2030: people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnership.
The 17 SDGs are interconnected, recognising that actions in one area will have an impact on outcomes in others and that development must balance social, economic, and environmental sustainability.
Countries have agreed to emphasise improvement for those who are the most disadvantaged. The SDGs aim to eliminate poverty, hunger, AIDS, and gender discrimination against women and girls.
Given below is the pictorial representation of all the goals
The United Nations Sustainable Development Objectives (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals with 169 targets that all 191 UN Member States have pledged to strive towards by 2030. They are part of a resolution known as the 2030 Agenda. SDG 3 places a premium on health. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages, supported by 13 goals that span the whole World Health Organisation activity.
Almost the majority of the next 16 goals are either directly or indirectly connected to health. The new agenda, which builds on the Millennium Development Goals, aspires to be applicable to all nations and focuses on enhancing fairness in order to satisfy the needs of women, children, and the poorest and most vulnerable people.
The goals are briefly summarised as No Poverty, Zero Hunger, Good Health and Well-being, Quality Education, Gender Equality, Climate Action, Safe drinking water and sanitation, Affordably priced and environmentally friendly energy, decent work and economic growth, Infrastructure, Innovation, and Industry, Inequality Reduction, Cities and Communities that are Sustainable, Consumption and production that is responsible, Climate Action, Life Below Water, Life Above Water, Justice, Peace, and Strong Institutions, Partnerships for Goals
Where are These Goals Headed?
The SDGs are the culmination of nearly a decade of work by participating countries. The SDGs are essentially a continuation of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which began in 2000 and finished in 2015. The MDGs assisted in lifting approximately one billion people out of severe poverty, combating hunger, and increasing the number of girls in education.
The MDGs, notably Goal 7, aided in environmental protection by almost ending the global use of ozone-depleting compounds, planting trees to counter forest loss, and increasing the percentage of total land and coastal marine regions globally. The SDGs build on the momentum created by the MDGs by establishing an ambitious post-2015 development agenda that may cost more than $4 trillion per year.
The SDGs arose from the Rio+20 Earth Summit in 2012, which called for the formation of an open working group to establish a draft agenda for 2015 and beyond. Unlike the MDGs, which were entirely funded by governments and non-profit groups, the SDGs rely on contributions from the private sector to transform unrealistic and unsustainable consumption and production habits. Novozymes, a company that claims to be a world leader in biological solutions, is just one example of a company that has matched its ambitions with the SDGs.
What is the Progress?
Overall, progress on the SDGs has been slow. According to the UN, many people are enjoying healthier lives now than at the beginning of the millennium, which is one area where the MDGs and SDGs have achieved progress. According to the UN, between 2012 and 2017, 80 per cent of live births globally had support from a competent health professional, up from 62 per cent between 2000 and 2005.
While only some progress has been achieved, officials who attended sustainable development meetings said that the SDGs are not being met at the rate or with the momentum required to reach the 2030 deadline.
According to the 2018 SDGs Report, 9.2 per cent of the world's workers who live with family members earned less than $1.90 per person per day in 2017, representing a less than 1% increase from 2015. Another problem is the recent increase in global hunger.
Although rates have been continuously dropping, the 2018 SDGs Report showed that over 800 million people were undernourished globally in 2016, an increase from 777 million in 2015.
Gender equality is another area of the SDGs where there has been little development. According to the SDG gender index, no nation is on pace to achieve gender equality by 2030, according to many news sites. Denmark was the highest performing country out of 129 countries, with a score just under 90 on a scale of zero to 100, where a score of 100 signifies equality has been attained.A score of 90 or above indicates that a country is making good progress toward its goals, while 59 or lower indicates poor success.
Countries were graded based on SDG objectives that disproportionately affect women, such as access to safe drinking water or the Internet. According to the UN, in addition to global efforts to achieve the SDGs, individuals can contribute to progress by saving electricity at home by unplugging appliances when not in use; going online and opting for paperless statements instead of having bills mailed to the house; and reporting bullying online when seen in a chat room or on social media.
Edited by: Nidhi Jha
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