Delhi has not always been more polluted than all other states or regions in India. Pollution levels can vary widely across different states and cities due to a combination of factors, including industrial activities, vehicular density, geographical features, climate, and local regulations.
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| Source - IQAir |
The Surging AQI of Delhi
In recent years, Delhi has gained notoriety for its high levels of air pollution, particularly during the winter months.
It has been recently reported that Delhi’s AQI has reached 300 where the winter season hasn’t even fully started. This is causing people to worry about the constantly depleting air quality of the city.
The region's air quality has been among the worst in India, partly due to factors like stubble burning in neighboring states, unfavorable meteorological conditions, and high population density.
Let’s take a closer look at the factors affecting the air quality of Delhi –
Major Causes of Delhi’s High Pollution Levels
Delhi, the capital of India, faces major pollution problems due to a combination of factors that contribute to poor air quality. These factors include -
Vehicular Emissions
Delhi has a high density of vehicles, and a significant portion of air pollution is caused by emissions from automobiles. The use of old and poorly maintained vehicles, as well as a lack of efficient public transportation, exacerbates this problem.
Industrial Emissions
The city has a substantial number of industries that release pollutants into the air. These emissions can include particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds.
Construction and Dust
Dust from construction activities, road repairs, and other infrastructure projects can contribute to particulate matter in the air. Delhi's rapid urbanization and construction projects are a significant source of dust pollution.
Agricultural Residue Burning
During the winter months, farmers in the neighbouring states of Punjab and Haryana burn crop residues, releasing large quantities of pollutants into the air. These crop stubble burning events worsen Delhi's air quality during this period.
Waste Burning
The open burning of waste, including plastics and other materials, is a common practice in many parts of Delhi and its surrounding areas, adding to air pollution.
Climate Conditions
Delhi's geographical location makes it prone to temperature inversions, especially during the winter months. Inversions trap pollutants close to the ground, preventing their dispersion, which can lead to a sudden spike in pollution levels.
Lack of Green Spaces
The city faces a shortage of green spaces and trees, which are natural air purifiers. The lack of green cover can exacerbate air quality issues.
High Population Density
Delhi has a dense population, and this concentration of people and activities contributes to higher emissions and pollution levels.
Inadequate Public Transport
An inefficient public transportation system encourages a higher number of people to use personal vehicles, contributing to traffic congestion and emissions.
Energy Sources The use of solid fuels, such as wood and dung, for cooking and heating in some areas, contributes to indoor air pollution. Additionally, coal-fired power plants in the vicinity also emit pollutants.
Severe Impacts of Poor Air Quality of the National Capital
Delhi's severe air pollution has a wide range of negative impacts on the health, environment, and quality of life of its residents. Some of the key impacts of Delhi's pollution include -
Health Effects -
Respiratory Problems
Exposure to air pollution in Delhi can lead to a higher incidence of respiratory issues, such as coughing, wheezing, bronchitis, and aggravated asthma.
Cardiovascular Problems
Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of heart diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.
Reduced Lung Function
Children growing up in polluted areas may experience reduced lung growth and development, leading to long-term health problems.
Lung Cancer
Air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
Premature Mortality
Studies have shown that high levels of air pollution in Delhi contribute to premature deaths, particularly among vulnerable populations.
Reduced Quality of Life -
Physical Discomfort
High levels of pollution can cause discomfort in the form of eye irritation, headaches, and a general feeling of being unwell.
Reduced Outdoor Activity
Poor air quality discourages outdoor activities and affects the quality of life for residents, particularly children and the elderly.
Economic Costs -
Healthcare Costs
The treatment of pollution-related health issues places a significant burden on the healthcare system and individuals, leading to increased medical expenses.
Lost Productivity - Sick days and reduced work efficiency due to health problems related to pollution can result in economic losses.
Environmental Impact -
Damage to Ecosystems
Air pollution can have adverse effects on vegetation and ecosystems, harming agricultural productivity and biodiversity.
Tourism and Economy -
Severe air pollution can deter tourists and businesses from investing in the city, affecting the local economy and development.
The Need to Address
Addressing the issue of air pollution in Delhi is a significant challenge that requires comprehensive measures, including reducing emissions from vehicles and industries, promoting cleaner technologies, improving waste management, and enhancing public transportation.
These efforts are critical not only for improving public health but also for the long-term sustainability and livability of the city.
Summing Up
Delhi's ongoing battle with air pollution is a complex issue influenced by various factors, including vehicular emissions, industrial activities, agricultural practices, and climate conditions.
The severe pollution in the capital city has dire consequences, affecting the health of its residents, the environment, and the economy.
To mitigate these impacts and ensure a healthier, more sustainable future, comprehensive measures are needed, including cleaner technologies, improved waste management, and enhanced public transportation.
Written By – Khwaaish Gupta
Disclaimer - This article has been authored exclusively by the writer and is being presented on Eat My News, which serves as a platform for the community to voice their perspectives. As an entity, Eat My News cannot be held liable for the content or its accuracy. The views expressed in this article solely pertain to the author or writer. For further queries about the article or its content you can contact on this email address - guptakhwaaish11105@gmail.com
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